China Countermeasures — Legal Framework

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UEL

3 legal foundations shown by normative rank. Select an instrument to open its page.

Level 1 · Laws

Direct tool basis Foreign Trade Law of the PRC 中华人民共和国对外贸易法 Current authority The statutory power behind the UEL — MOFCOM may prohibit or restrict foreign parties from China-related trade (also cites the National Security Law and, from 2025, the Anti-Foreign Sanctions Law). Framework foundation National Security Law of the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国国家安全法 Higher-level authority

Level 2 · Departmental rules

Direct tool basis Provisions on the Unreliable Entity List 不可靠实体清单规定 Creates / authorizes

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Unreliable Entity List

不可靠实体清单

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AFSL Countermeasure List

3 legal foundations shown by normative rank. Select an instrument to open its page.

Level 1 · Laws

Direct tool basis Anti-Foreign Sanctions Law of the PRC 中华人民共和国反外国制裁法 Creates / authorizes Implemented by State Council Order No. 803 (2025); decisions may be issued by the MFA or another relevant State Council department. Framework foundation Foreign Relations Law of the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国对外关系法 Higher-level authority

Level 2 · Administrative regulations

Direct tool basis State Council Provisions on Implementing the Anti-Foreign Sanctions Law 国务院关于实施《中华人民共和国反外国制裁法》的规定 Operating procedure

Operational tool

Countermeasure List (Anti-Foreign Sanctions Law)

反制清单（反外国制裁法）

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Restricted Parties List (管控名单)

2 legal foundations shown by normative rank. Select an instrument to open its page.

Level 1 · Laws

Direct tool basis Export Control Law of the PRC 中华人民共和国出口管制法 Creates / authorizes

Level 2 · Administrative regulations

Direct tool basis Regulations on Export Control of Dual-Use Items 中华人民共和国两用物项出口管制条例 Operating procedure

Operational tool

Export Control — Restricted Parties List

出口管制管控名单

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Watch List (关注名单)

2 legal foundations shown by normative rank. Select an instrument to open its page.

Level 1 · Laws

Framework foundation Export Control Law of the PRC 中华人民共和国出口管制法 Higher-level authority

Level 2 · Administrative regulations

Direct tool basis Regulations on Export Control of Dual-Use Items 中华人民共和国两用物项出口管制条例 Creates / authorizes

Operational tool

Export Control — Watch List

关注名单

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MOF procurement

2 legal foundations shown by normative rank. Select an instrument to open its page.

Level 1 · Laws

Contextual · not expressly named Government Procurement Law of the PRC 中华人民共和国政府采购法Owner-retained contextual legal basis; 财库〔2026〕10号 itself says only “relevant laws and regulations” and does not name this statute or articles.

Direct tool basis National Security Law of the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国国家安全法 Contextual · not expressly named Owner-retained contextual legal basis; the 2026 MOF notice states "relevant laws and regulations" without naming this statute or articles.

Operational tool

Government Procurement Countermeasure Register

政府采购反制措施

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MOFCOM Blocking Rules

2 legal foundations shown by normative rank. Select an instrument to open its page.

Level 1 · Laws

Framework foundation National Security Law of the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国国家安全法 Higher-level authority

Level 2 · Departmental rules

Direct tool basis Rules on Counteracting Unjustified Extraterritorial Application of Foreign Legislation and Measures 阻断外国法律与措施不当域外适用办法 Creates / authorizes

Operational tool

MOFCOM Blocking Rules

阻断外国法律与措施不当域外适用

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Improper jurisdiction / 禁执令

3 legal foundations shown by normative rank. Select an instrument to open its page.

Level 1 · Laws

Framework foundation Foreign Relations Law of the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国对外关系法 Higher-level authority Framework foundation National Security Law of the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国国家安全法 Higher-level authority

Level 2 · Administrative regulations

Direct tool basis Regulations on Countering Foreign Improper Extraterritorial Jurisdiction 中华人民共和国反外国不当域外管辖条例 Creates / authorizes

Operational tool

Countering Foreign Improper Extraterritorial Jurisdiction

反外国不当域外管辖

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Supply-chain security

6 legal foundations shown by normative rank. Select an instrument to open its page.

Level 1 · Laws

Framework foundation Anti-Foreign Sanctions Law of the PRC 中华人民共和国反外国制裁法 Higher-level authority Framework foundation Foreign Relations Law of the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国对外关系法 Higher-level authority Framework foundation Foreign Trade Law of the PRC 中华人民共和国对外贸易法 Higher-level authority Framework foundation National Security Law of the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国国家安全法 Higher-level authority

Level 2 · Administrative regulations

Direct tool basis State Council Provisions on Industrial and Supply Chain Security 国务院关于产业链供应链安全的规定 Creates / authorizes

Level 3 · Normative measures

Direct tool basis Measures for Industrial and Supply Chain Security Investigations 产业链供应链安全调查工作办法 Operating procedure

Operational tool

Industrial & Supply Chain Security Investigations

产业链供应链安全调查

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Foreign-trade national-security investigation

1 legal foundation shown by normative rank. Select an instrument to open its page.

Level 1 · Laws

Direct tool basis Foreign Trade Law of the PRC 中华人民共和国对外贸易法 Creates / authorizes

Operational tool

Foreign-Trade National-Security Investigation

对外贸易国家安全调查

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Unreliable Entity List

Countermeasure List (Anti-Foreign Sanctions Law)

Export Control — Restricted Parties List

Export Control — Watch List

Government Procurement Countermeasure Register

MOFCOM Blocking Rules

Countering Foreign Improper Extraterritorial Jurisdiction

Industrial & Supply Chain Security Investigations

Foreign-Trade National-Security Investigation